|
George Montbard,〔(Notice d'autorité personne : Montbard (1841-19055) ), Bibliothèque nationale de France, retrieved 28 February 2013 〕 real name Charles Auguste Loye (2 August 1841 - 5 August 1905) was a French artist, illustrator and caricaturist who signed his work "G. Montbard". ==Biography== Loye was born in Montbard on 2 August 1841. His parents were Charles Auguste Loye, 25 years old at his birth, who was a tax inspector in Chatellerault, in Nièvre, Burgundy, and Léopoldine Gaveau. Under the Second French Empire, he published a caricature of Victor Hugo and another of Sainte-Beuve in 1867 in ''Le Masque'', a theatrical weekly. The following year, he published another caricature of Hugo in ''Gulliver'', a satirical weekly: under the title "Romanticism", Hugo is depicted in a medieval setting as the flag-bearer of the Romantic Movement. His drawings also appeared in ''La Rue'', a periodical published by his friend Jules Vallès, as well as in satirical publications such as ''Le Monde illustré'' (1880) and ''L'Eclipse''. He also published a single issue of his own weekly satirical periodical, ''La Fronde illustrée'', dated 27 March 1871.〔(Front page ), Collections, Victoria and Albert Museum (pdf)〕 In ''My Days of Adventure; The Fall of France, 1870–71'', Ernest Alfred Vizetelly, who had hired Montbard as an illustrator, writes that at that time Montbard "was a Republican—in fact, a future Communard" and did not appreciate an unexpected meeting in the street with Napoleon III, who took an interest in the sketch he was making. He refused to shave his "revolutionary beard" at the request of the chamberlain.〔Ernest Alfred Vizetelly, ''My Days of Adventure; The Fall of France, 1870–71'', London: Chatto & Windus, 1914, , pp. 23–24, (online ) at the Internet Archive, pdf pp. 43–44.〕 He became actively involved in the Paris Commune in 1871. His friend the illustrator Andre Gill thought that he had died on the battlefield. But in fact Montbard fled to London to escape the loyalist ''Versaillais'' troops, sending his drawings from there to ''Le Monde illustré'' and ''L'Eclipse'' and also working for several London periodicals. In 1872, he illustrated the riots in Ireland for the ''Illustrated London News'', and a watercolour portrait of Thomas Binney by him was published in ''Vanity Fair'' on 12 October 1872, signed "Charles Augute Loye". His caricature of Léon Gambetta, also published in ''Vanity Fair'' on 19 October 1872, bears the caption: "He devoured France with activity." In 1876, Henri Bellenger published ''Londres pittoresque et la vie anglaise'', with eight drawings by Montbard.〔Henri Bellenger, ''Londres pittoresque et la vie anglaise'', Paris: Decaux, (), .〕 In 1882 Vincent van Gogh, who was also working for the ''Illustrated London News'', mentioned receiving sketches by him of the Channel Islands.〔(268 To Anthon van Rappard. The Hague, on or about Saturday, 23 September 1882 ), Van Gogh Letters.org.〕 Even after the amnesty of 1880, Montbard remained in London, where he married. His wife Alice was twenty years his junior, born in London in 1861. Montbard lived at 3 Augustus Square, according to the census of 1891 under the name of George Montbard. A daughter named Madeleine was apparently born in 1882 at that address. In the late 1880s he built a studio house for himself and his family, which still survives at 83 Dartmouth Park Hill.〔St. Pancras Rates Register, 1897.〕 For Montbard, art was also an opportunity to share his political views. Thus in 1889, he concludes in his book ''L' Ennemi'' "Delenda est Germania, si vult vivere Gallia", which may be translated "Germany must be destroyed for France to live." In ''The Case of John Bull in Egypt, the Transvaal, Venezuela and Elsewhere'',〔G. Montbart, ''The Case of John Bull in Egypt, the Transvaal, Venezuela and Elsewhere'', London: Hutchinson, (), 〕 he comments on the politics of the British Empire in the guise of a friendly conversation between France and John Bull. Montbard did not confine himself to drawing and watercolors; he also painted in oils. He travelled extensively, particularly to the Maghreb. This was also the period of the beginnings of photography, which came to compete with the illustrator's art. This is why, albeit with some humour, Montbard writes of it in ''Among the Moors'' as "producing ... a deformed and lugubrious picture of men and things" and possibly constituting "a terrible engine of destruction, an explosive substance that was destined to pulverise the world of art".〔G. Montbard, ''Among the Moors: Sketches of Oriental Life'', London: S. Low, Marston & Co., 1894, , (p. 157 ).〕 In 1896, he illustrated Rudyard Kipling's poem "The 'eathen" for ''Pearson's Magazine''.〔''Pearson's Magazine'' Vol. 2, no. 11 (November 1896), (pp. 493–98 ). Carpenter Kipling Collection, Library of Congress, 〕〔Robert Thurston Hopkins, ''Rudyard Kipling: A Literary Appreciation'', New York: Stokes, 1915, , (p. 313 ).〕 His grave is in the cemetery at Dinard, Normandy, where his wife lived in the viscount's manor, Ker Loïs. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「George Montbard」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|